The control phrases that keep two languages from colliding — set the frame, compress faithfully, and hold the floor when the voices cross.
01 · Set the frame before anyone speaks
Antes de arrancar, acordemos cómo le vamos a hacer con los turnos.
Before we start, let's agree on how we'll handle the turns.
Thirty seconds on ground rules before the first real sentence — turns, pauses, your role — and the room stops treating you as a black box.
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02 · Speak as the speaker, not about them
Voy a interpretar en primera persona, como si fuera el orador.
I'll interpret in the first person, as if I were the speaker.
Third person is for clarification only. Default to first person or the speaker's force gets diluted through you.
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03 · Compress without betraying
En esencia, lo que está diciendo es que sí, pero con un pero importante.
In essence, what he's saying is yes, but with an important caveat.
A fifteen-second síntesis fiel keeps the thesis, the tone and the concessions — not just the headline.
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04 · The rule you never break
No le pongo palabras que no dijo, sólo organizo lo que dijo.
I don't put words in his mouth he didn't say — I only organize what he said.
The interpreter's whole ethic in one line: no añadir, no omitir, no opinar. Say it to yourself before every session.
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05 · When an idiom won't cross
Esa expresión no tiene equivalente exacto en inglés, es como decir…
That expression has no exact equivalent in English, it's like saying…
One of three honest moves for an untranslatable idiom — this opens the functional-equivalent one.
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06 · Go by sense, not by letter
Voy por sentido, no por letra; la imagen se pierde si la traduzco palabra por palabra.
I go by sense, not by letter; the image gets lost if I translate it word for word.
Translating a set phrase literally is the fastest way to sound foreign. Sentido, no letra is the compass for every idiom you hit.
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07 · The cultural aside, kept brief
Aclaro como intérprete: lo que dijo es una referencia futbolera, no política.
As the interpreter, let me clarify: what he said is a football reference, not a political one.
A cultural note explains a reference — it never smuggles in your own opinion. One sentence, then move on.
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08 · Marking the untranslatable, honestly
Usó la palabra 'chambear', la voy a conservar y la cargo de contexto.
He used the word 'chambear' — I'll keep it in Spanish and add context.
Sometimes the honest move is not to translate at all. Naming the word and glossing it in five seconds beats forcing a fake equivalent.
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09 · Holding the floor when voices cross
Les pido, como intérprete, que uno termine la idea antes de que responda el otro.
As the interpreter, I'm asking that one person finish their thought before the other responds.
How you interrupt two overlapping delegations without favouring either side — the phrase does the work, not your tone.
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10 · The polite stop
Un momento, por favor, de a uno, que se me cruzan las voces.
One moment, please, one at a time — the voices are crossing over each other.
Warmer than card 9, for a social setting rather than a boardroom. Same job: buy yourself a clean turn.
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11 · Never guess
¿Puede reformular?
Could you rephrase that?
The line that saves an interpretation from a silent guess. Asking costs one second; guessing wrong costs the room's trust.
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