Glue Words

Glue Words

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Pero vs sino: how to say 'but' (and connect your sentences) in Spanish

Link your ideas with y, pero, porque and también so your spoken Spanish stops sounding like fragments.

GRAMMAR PACK · 4 LESSONS · A1

Pero adds a contrast: es difícil, pero interesante. Sino only appears after a negative, to replace the wrong idea with the right one: no es azul, sino verde — if the first half says no and the second half corrects it, you need sino. Two more connectors change purely for sound: y becomes e before i- or hi- words (español e inglés, padres e hijos) and o becomes u before o- or ho- (siete u ocho, mujer u hombre). And porque (one word, no accent) answers the question ¿por qué? (two words) asks.

Below: the sentences these little words hold together, the mistakes that flatten your fluency (también where tampoco belongs), and how you practice them mid-conversation — talking, not filling in blanks.

Say this

The phrases that carry the conversation

Pero and Sino (but)

  • Es difícil, pero interesante.It's difficult, but interesting.
  • Quiero ir, pero no puedo.I want to go, but I can't.
  • No es azul, sino verde.It's not blue, but rather green.
  • No canta, sino que baila.He doesn't sing, but rather dances.

Porque and Por qué (because/why)

  • Estudio español porque me gusta.I study Spanish because I like it.
  • ¿Por qué estudias español?Why do you study Spanish?
  • Porque quiero viajar a España.Because I want to travel to Spain.
  • No voy porque estoy cansado.I'm not going because I'm tired.

También/Tampoco (also/neither)

  • Me gusta el cine. — A mí también.I like movies. — Me too.
  • No me gusta el frío. — A mí tampoco.I don't like the cold. — Me neither.
  • Yo también quiero ir.I also want to go.
  • Yo tampoco entiendo.I don't understand either.

Regional Spanish

What locals actually say

Textbooks teach one word. Locals use several — pick your region's and stay consistent.

Watch out

Mistakes that mark you as a textbook speaker

  1. Using pero where sino is neededAfter a negative statement that introduces a correction, use sino — 'No es rojo, sino azul'. Pero only adds contrast, not corrections.
  2. Forgetting y→e before i- wordsSay 'español e inglés', not 'español y inglés' — the rule avoids the awkward 'y i' sound
  3. Using también in negative sentencesPositive agreement = también (me too), negative agreement = tampoco (me neither) — 'No me gusta. — A mí tampoco.'

The part no drill site can do

No flashcards. You learn it by using it

Carla, &Be grammar teacher

Carla

Your grammar teacher for this pack

No gap-fills, no sentence-combining exercises. In the Glue Words lessons you talk, and Carla makes you reach for the connectors: she asks why you study Spanish and you answer with a full porque clause instead of a fragment; she sets up one contrast (es difícil, pero…) and one correction (no es…, sino…) back to back so you feel the difference; then she states a like and a dislike and you echo — a mí también, a mí tampoco — out loud, in rhythm, until the glue holds on its own.

Blank mid-sentence and nothing bad happens — she waits. That's the practice, without unnecessary judgement.

Finish the 4 lessons and Glue Words is yours — earned, not given.

Download on the App Store First 10 lessons free · 10-minute spoken lessons · your AI coaching team remembers you

Quick answers

Questions people ask

What's the difference between pero and sino?

Pero adds a contrast to any statement (quiero ir, pero no puedo). Sino works only after a negative and introduces the correct alternative: no es azul, sino verde. Before a conjugated verb it becomes sino que: no canta, sino que baila.

Why does y change to e in Spanish?

Purely for sound — before words starting with i- or hi-, y would collide with the vowel, so it becomes e: español e inglés, padres e hijos.

When does o become u?

Before words starting with o- or ho-: siete u ocho personas, mujer u hombre. Same logic as y → e — it just avoids two identical vowel sounds crashing together.

What's the difference between porque and por qué?

¿Por qué? (two words, with accent) asks why; porque (one word, no accent) answers with because: ¿Por qué estudias español? — Porque quiero viajar a España.

How do you say 'me too' and 'me neither' in Spanish?

Mirror positive statements with también (a mí también) and negative ones with tampoco (no me gusta el frío. — A mí tampoco). Never mix them — me too after a negative is the classic giveaway. In fast speech you'll also hear igual and ni yo.